The EPA has promulgated a federal implementation plan (FIP) to control emissions of nine pollutants from existing sewage sludge incinerators (SSIs), that is, those for which construction began on or before October 14, 2010. The intent of the FIP is to implement EPA’s March 21, 2011, emissions guidelines (EGs) for the existing SSIs. According to the Agency, the SSI FIP will apply to facilities in 18 states and 9 local air pollution control districts (APCDs) that do not have EPA-approved state implementation plans (SIPs) for the SSI EGs. Any of those states/APCDs may submit SIPs to replace the FIP, and the EPA encourages that they do so as intended by the Clean Air Act (CAA).
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An SSI is any unit that combusts any amount of sewage sludge at a wastewater treatment facility designed to treat domestic sewage sludge. The FIP defines two subcategories for existing SSI units: multiple hearth incinerators and fluidized bed incinerators.